Webbs depth of knowledge was created by norman webb from the wisconsin center for education research. Webbs depth of knowledge dok provides a vocabulary and a frame of reference when thinking about our students and how they engage with the content. Identifying webbs depth of knowledge levels duration. As an educator, thinking about the assessment items in this manner can help distinguish exactly what student are expected to accomplish when approaching each item. Examples and question stems for increasing depth of knowledge in the classroom developed by dr. Webb, a senior research scientist and mathematics educator from the university of wisconsinmadison webb, 1997, developed a process and criteria for systematically analyzing the alignment between curriculum standards and assessments. One useful tool, norman webbs depth of knowledge levels, can help teachers meet that challenge. Depth of knowledge, or dok, is a way to think about content complexity, not content difficulty. The outcome product is the focus of the depth of understanding.
Depth of knowledge dok adapted from the model used by norman webb, university of wisconsin, to align standards with assessments used by the council of chief state school officers ccsso for assessment alignment in more than ten states. One of the critical models for understanding cognitive rigor is norman webbs depth of knowledge dok framework. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in reading karin k. The bestknown work in this area, that of norman webb 1997, 1999, compelled states to rethink the meaning of test alignment to include both the content assessed in a test item and the depth to which we expect. Mar 28, 2017 implementing webbs depth of knowledge with students explicitly teach students about the different cognitive levels and ensure that they understand what each of the terms means. The cognitive rigor matrix assists applying cognitive rigor in the classroom.
Level 2 or level 3, it is appropriate to select the higher of the two levels. Apr 05, 2017 norman webbs depth of knowledge flips the focus to the cognitive aspects the students must exercise to move through an item and adequately address a question. However, verbs alone do not describe the depth of knowledge. Verb examples that represent each level in webb s depth of knowledge can be found in the information that follows. Norman webbs depthofknowledge levels for four content. Four levels of depthofknowledge are used for this analysis. An educators guide for applying webbs depthofunderstanding. Webbs depth of knowledge includes four levels, from the lowest basic recall to the highest extended thinking. The charts at the end of the section also provide a comparison between blooms taxonomy and webbs depth of knowledge for mathematics.
I often use gerald aungsts using webbs depth of knowledge to increase rigor in my work with teachers, because the article explains the four levels outlined in webbs framework for cognitive rigor in the classroom. Bloom s taxonomy seem to emphasize the categorization of tasks in a way that corresponds with students thinking levels e,g knowing, understanding, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating. Norman webbs depth of knowledge flips the focus to the cognitive aspects the students must exercise to move through an item and adequately address a question. The dok level should be assigned based upon the cognitive demands required by the central performance described in the objective. Blooms taxonomy is a framework to assist in instruction and when measuring the cognitive rigor of a lesson. Webb recommends that largescale, ondemand assessments in reading should only assess depthofknowledge levels 1, 2, and 3. Knowremember the recall of specifics and universals. Webb s depth of knowledge dok provides a vocabulary and a frame of reference when thinking about our students and how they engage with the content. Webb in 1997 to analyze the varying levels of cognitive complexity in academic standards and curricula. Webb depthofknowledge levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depthofknowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment analysis. Preliminary depth of knowledge levels center for assessment. Then, have them analyze question prompts for dok level and assess what they are being asked to doe.
In my district, we have been using karen hess cognitive rigor matrix to map out our learning events in our ubd units this matrix allows you to map out your. Webbs depth of knowledge is a way of categorizing tasks based on the complexity of thought they provoke. Blooms taxonomy seem to emphasize the categorization of tasks in a way that corresponds with students thinking levels e,g knowing, understanding, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating. It is defined as the complexity or depth of understanding that is required to answer an assessment question. Norman webb and flip chart developed by myra collins depth of knowledge level 3. Webb designed his model as a means of increasing the cognitive complexity and demand of standardized assessments. The information below provides a definition of the four depthofknowledge levels. December 5, 2014 blooms taxonomy and depth of knowledge are two popular conceptual learning frameworks. The charts at the end of the section also provide a comparison between blooms taxonomy and webbs. Webb mapped out the many ways teachers assign a task, such as listing the main characters. The concept of depth of knowledge that is addressed in the college and career ready standards was developed by norman webb 1997. It can be applied to learning expectations, instructional prompts, and assessment items alike. Webbs depth of knowledge focuses on the complexity of standards in order to successfully complete an assessment or a task.
Nov 02, 2018 blooms taxonomy was developed by benjamin bloom in 1956 and revised by anderson and krathwohl in 2001 as a framework for classifying learning based on different levels of cognitive rigor and complexity. Dec 05, 2014 december 5, 2014 bloom s taxonomy and depth of knowledge are two popular conceptual learning frameworks. To learn more about this subject, take a peek at the associated lesson, using webbs depth of knowledge levels in the classroom. A brief look at webbs depth of knowledge levels level 1 recallreproduction. Level of complexity measures a students depth of knowledge. Nov 09, 2012 identifying webb s depth of knowledge levels duration. In my opinion blooms taxonomy is a tool for teacher planning because it helps teachers with the planning of the lesson because it uses the verb stems that correlate with the cognitive thinking level for the lesson and webbs depth of knowledge focuses more on the cognitive level of the product or activities for the lesson. Putting dok into practice with hess cognitive rigor matrix. Webbs depth of knowledge common core state standards. Webb depth of knowledge levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depth of knowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment analysis. The depth of knowledge corresponds to the content complexity of a particular educational material.
At the heart of college and career readiness is the need to increase the level of rigor in our classrooms. Every field requires a recall of facts, information or procedures. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in social studies. A good visual on blooms taxonomy vs depth of knowledge. Depth of knowledge rigor chart and checklist use the following chart to help create and categorize assessment items. The examples herein are drawn from several classroomtested dok tools. Webbs depth of knowledge model the depth of knowledge dok model was developed by dr. In other words, a learner must master the lower levels before moving on to the next. The mathematics standards and the shifts they require duration.
Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in reading. Webb s depth of knowledge dok depth of knowledge or dok is another type of framework used to identify the level of rigor for an assessment. Cognitive rigor is the superposition of bloom s taxonomy and webb s depth of knowledge levels and is used to categorize the level of abstraction of questions and activities in education. That is the first thing with which people must come to understanding. This document provides a definition of each of the levels, words and phrases often used for tasks at each level, as well as examples of activities at each of the levels. Sharing the depth of knowledge framework with students. Using webbs depth of knowledge levels in the classroom. From depth of knowledge descriptors, examples and question stems for increasing depth of knowledge in the classroom developed by dr. Introduction to webbs depthofknowledge levels mathematics depthofknowledge levels level 1 recall includes the recall of information such as a fact, definition, term, or a simple procedure, as well as performing a simple algorithm or applying a formula. They both approach the learning process from relatively different stands.
To learn more about this subject, take a peek at the associated lesson, using webb s depth of knowledge levels in the classroom. For example, if students have not seen the word or content before, it might be difficult for them, but it is not complex. Mar 28, 2017 the different type of levels are also presented in this video with the six different levels of blooms taxonomy and the four different levels associated with webbs depth of knowledge. Depth of knowledge dok adapted from the model used by norman webb, university of wisconsin, to align standards with assessments used by the council of chief state school officers ccsso for assessment alignment in more than ten states 2. Webb, interpreting and assigning depth of knowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment analysis. Blooms taxonomy was developed by benjamin bloom in 1956 and revised by anderson and krathwohl in 2001 as a framework for classifying learning based on different levels of cognitive rigor and complexity. The depth of knowledge dok was developed in 1997 by norman webb, a research scientist from the wisconsin center for education research, to. The range of rigor of the assessment items should reflect the rigor of the course content and instruction. Aungst makes clear recommendations for teachers, including. Depth of knowledge dok categorizes tasks according to the complexity of thinking required to successfully complete them. Using webbs depth of knowledge to increase rigor edutopia. Levels for four content areas, march 28, 2002, interpreting and assigning depthofknowledge levels to both objectives within standards and assessment items is an essential requirement of alignment analysis. More recently, webbs depthof knowledge levels have also been used in.
Webb alignment tool wat training manual retrieved from. Hess 20042012 further articulated the model with contentspeci c descriptions for use by classroom teachers and organizations conducting alignment studies. A general definition for each of the four webb depthofknowledge levels is followed by table 1, which provides further specification and examples for each of the dok levels. Verb examples that represent each level in webbs depth of knowledge can be found in the information that follows. A sample keystone item is also provided as appropriate for depthofknowledge levels 1, 2, and 3.
Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in reading according to norman l. Putting dok into practice with hess cognitive rigor matrix dr. The creation of the dok stemmed from the alignment of standards to assessments. This document provides a definition of each of the levels, words and phrases often used for tasks at each level. An educators guide for applying webbs depthofknowledge. Webb s depth of knowledge is a way of categorizing tasks based on the complexity of thought they provoke. Develop and embed use of dok in unit and assessment design. Review and reflect on your planning and instruction to apply levels of dok.
Oct 30, 2019 a guide for using webbs depth of knowledge with common core state standards. Levels of thinking in blooms taxonomy and webbs depth of. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in social. Jul 27, 2017 based on a 1997 monograph, webbs depth of knowledge categorizes contexts prompts, scenarios and challenges into four levels. Norman webb and flip chart developed by myra collins.
An educators guide for applying webbs depthofinformation. Using webbs depth of knowledge to increase rigor gerald. Traditionally, standardized assessments measured students to think deeply about the academic. Tasks at this level require recall of facts or rote application of simple procedures. Applying webbs depth of knowledge dok levels in social studies karin k. Norman webb developed the dok to categorize activities according to the level of complexity in thinking. Webbs depth of knowledge dok une online college of. Hess cognitive rigor matrices for elasocial studies, writing, and mathscience. Sep 04, 2014 one useful tool, norman webbs depth of knowledge levels, can help teachers meet that challenge. How depth of knowledge drives learning and assessment. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in social studies karin k.
Norman webb, the developer of depth of knowledge dok, we promote effective and accurate use of this innovative language system. As students progress through the levels, they will face contexts that demand learning and thinking at deeper cognitive stages. Recall and reproduction correlates to blooms 2 lowest levels. Webbs depth of knowledge dok depth of knowledge or dok is another type of framework used to identify the level of rigor for an assessment. We want students to be able to do things automatically. Inservice, association for supervision and curriculum development, 9 may 2017.
Webbs definition of depth of knowledge is the degree or complexity of knowledge that the content. Sep 28, 2018 an educators guide for applying webbs depthofunderstanding. A guide for using webbs depth of knowledge with common core. Understanding depth of knowledge and cognitive complexity. Blooms taxonomy and depth of knowledge dok rethinking. The recall of specifics and universals, involving little more than bringing to mind the. Depth of knowledge dok forms another important perspective of cognitive complexity. Depth of knowledgerigor chart and checklist use the following chart to help create and categorize assessment items. Level one activities recall elements and details of story structure, such as sequence of events, character, plot and setting.
Level learner action key actions sample question stems question numbersportfolio components level 1. The different type of levels are also presented in this video with the six different levels of blooms taxonomy and the four different levels associated with webbs depth of knowledge. Integrating cognitive rigor with webbs depth of knowledge. To download absolutely free applying webbs depthofinformation dok levels in reading you need to have to register. Norman webb s depthofknowledge dok schema has become one of the key tools educators can employ to analyze the cognitive demand complexity intended by the standards, curricular activities, and assessment tasks. Applying webbs depthofknowledge dok levels in science karin k. A guide for using webbs depth of knowledge with common core state standards. Cognitive rigor is the superposition of blooms taxonomy and webbs depthofknowledge levels and is used to categorize the level of abstraction of questions and activities in education. Depth of knowledge dok was developed through research by norman l.
A guide for using webbs depth of knowledge with common. Our team helps you use the lens of dok to evaluate your assessments, curricula, and instructional materials to work toward optimal alignment so all students have the opportunity to reach. Level of complexity measures a students depth of knowledge key verbs that may. Hess, carlock, jones, and walkup 2009 we have pulled out math examples from hess cognitive rigor matrix and placed them into three general.
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